民国大学生学业与家庭关系研究

Research on the Relationship Between University Student’s Academic Performance and Family During the Republic Period

对“民国大学生量化数据库”中学生填报的亲属姓名、职业与教育等信息进行分析,可以揭示民国大学生家庭背景与学业发展的关系。一方面,与明清科举成功者相比,民国大学生已从以官员子弟为主,转变为以商人和专业技术人员子弟为主。两代知识群体的家庭背景、成长环境等差别甚大。另一方面,民国大学生的学业发展高度依赖家庭经济的支持,家长职业与青年学业发展之间关系密切。在有大学教育背景的家庭中,学生的学业选择与家长、兄弟姐妹等直系亲属的教育情况颇为相关。家庭革命是中国近代转型的核心之一,个人主义的宣扬和个人意识的抬头被认为是民国时期的重要特征之一,但学业发展与选择的实证数据提示我们,家庭对个人成长的实际影响依旧很大。

By analyzing the information of relatives’name,occupation and education,we can reveal the relationship between family background and academic performance of university student during the Republican Period.On the one hand,compared with those in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,most of university students during the Republican Period came from the family of businessmen and professional technicians instead of officials.On the other hand,they were highly dependent on the support of family and their development was close to parental career.In families with university background,students’academic choices were closely related to their parents,brothers and sisters.Family revolution was one of the cores of China’s modern transformation,and the rise of individualism and personal consciousness was considered as one of the important features of that time.However,the above data suggests that family still had great impact on personal growth.