7种材料/涂层体系室温往复摩擦磨损性能研究

Study on Reciprocating Friction and Wear Properties of 7 Materials/Coatings at Room Temperature

发动机压气机机匣和叶片在高速运转过程中易发生磨损断裂,采用合理的材料/涂层体系可有效延长其使用寿命。本研究通过对发动机压气机机匣、叶片等部位常用的1Cr17Ni2不锈钢、2A70铝合金、TA9钛合金、安波涂层、自润滑涂层及新型微弧氧化复合涂层、热渗锌复合涂层体系开展室温往复摩擦磨损测试,结合摩擦系数曲线、磨痕轮廓曲线以及光学显微形貌,从而获得到7种材料/涂层的磨损速率与磨损机制。研究结果表明,热渗锌涂层摩擦系数最低(≤0.2)、磨损量低(10-5 mm^(3)/Nm量级),表明该涂层在实验考核条件下具备自润滑效果,可对基体实现减磨降摩的作用;1Cr17Ni2不锈钢的磨损率与热渗锌涂层相近,具有优异的耐磨性能,但该不锈钢的摩擦系数高,启动以及运行力矩大;其它合金及涂层(如2A70铝合金、TA9钛合金、微弧氧化涂层、安波涂层以及自润滑涂层)的摩擦系数高,且耐磨性差,磨损率普遍在(10^(-4)~10^(-3))mm^(3)/Nm量级,耐磨性较1Cr17Ni2不锈钢以及热渗锌涂层差1~2个数量级。研究获得到的7种材料/涂层磨损速率与磨损机制,可为发动机压气机选材设计提供理论支撑。

Compressor casing and blade are prone to wear and fracture during high speed operation.Reasonable material/coating system can effectively prolong the service life of compressor casing and blade.This research through the engine compressor casing,commonly used in areas such as the blade 1Cr17Ni2,2A70 aluminium alloy,stainless steel TA9 titanium alloy,amber,self-lubricating coating and new type of micro-arc oxidation coating composite coating,hot zinc impregnation composite coating system for reciprocating friction and wear test at room temperature,combining with the friction coefficient curve,grinding crack contour curve and optical microscopic morphology,Thus,the wear rates and wear mechanisms of the seven materials/coatings were obtained.The results show that the coating has the lowest friction coefficient(≤0.2)and the lowest wear amount(10-5 mm^(3)/Nm),which indicates that the coating has the self-lubricating effect under the experimental conditions and can reduce wear and friction on the matrix.The wear rate of 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel is similar to that of hot osmotic zinc coating,which has excellent wear resistance,but the stainless steel has high friction coefficient and large starting and running moment.Other alloys and coatings(such as 2A70 aluminum alloy,TA9 titanium alloy,micro-arc oxidation coating,amp-wave coating and self-lubricating coating)have high friction coefficient and poor wear resistance.The wear rate is generally in the order of 10^(-4)~10^(-3) mm^(3)/Nm,and the wear resistance is 1~2 orders of magnitude worse than that of 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel and hot-seamed zinc coating.The wear rate and wear mechanism of 7 materials/coatings obtained can provide theoretical support for the material selection and design of engine compressor.