高低温试验箱速度场实验与数值模拟分析

Velocity Field Experiment and Numerical Simulation Analysis of High-Low Temperature Test Chamber

本文对1 000 L高低温试验箱进行了速度场测试实验和数值模拟。通过在试验箱内不同高度平面内各均匀布置9个热线风速仪测试风速并加权平均算出通过各平面的风量,对各平面风量进行平均处理校核高低温试验箱的风量,结果表明该方法能够较好地测出试验箱的风量。对一平面更密集地布置30个热线风速仪进行测试,所得风量与均匀布置9个风速仪的方案结果相差3.8%。对高低温试验箱进行数值模拟,并读取30个对应测试点的速度与实验的30个测试点的速度进行对比验证,结果表明模拟值与实验值整体趋势基本吻合,平均相对误差在15%左右。数值模拟显示,高低温试验箱内会存在明显的回旋涡流现象,近内壁处风速大,中间区域风速小。本文为后续改进速度场均匀性提供了理论依据和基础。

In this paper,the velocity field test and numerical simulation are carried out in 1000 L high-low temperature test chamber.Nine hot wire anemometers are arranged evenly in different height planes of the test chamber to test the wind speed and calculate the air volume through each plane by weighted average.The average treatment of the air volume of each plane was carried out to check the air volume of the high-low temperature test chamber.The results show that the method can measure the air volume of the test box well.When 30 hot-wire anemometers are arranged more densely on a plane,the air volume obtained is 3.8%different from that obtained by the scheme with 9 anemometers evenly arranged.The high and low temperature test chamber is numerically simulated,and the velocities of 30 corresponding test points are read and compared with that of 30 test points in the experiment.The results show that the overall trend of the simulated value and the experimental value are basically consistent,and the average relative error is about 15%.The numerical simulation shows that there is an obvious vortex phenomenon in the high-low temperature test chamber,with high wind speed near the inner wall and low wind speed in the middle area.This paper provides theoretical basis and foundation for improving the uniformity of velocity field.