静脉注射用六氟化硫微泡在腹部超声检查中的安全性分析

Safety analysis of intravenous sulfur hexafluoride microbubble in abdominal ultrasonography

目的分析静脉注射用六氟化硫微泡在腹部超声检查中的安全性。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至2021年9月于我院行静脉注射六氟化硫微泡腹部超声造影检查的91312例患者。收集发生不良反应的患者基本信息、症状和体征,总结不良反应的类型和严重程度、治疗及转归。结果91312例患者中,35例(0.038%)发生不同程度不良反应;其中轻度18例、中度10例、重度7例,无死亡病例发生。不良反应症状包括过敏样反应7例,类生理反应28例。过敏样反应中,最常见是局部荨麻疹、瘙痒;类生理反应中,最常见是恶心、呕吐及血管迷走神经反应。35例不良反应中,23例(65.7%)年龄段为>40~60岁,31例(88.6%)有不同程度的肝功能异常,1例(2.9%)有磺胺类药物过敏史。34例(97.1%)不良反应发生在注射造影剂后10 min内,所有不良反应症状均于当日缓解。轻度不良反应中,12例休息后缓解,6例接受治疗后缓解;中度、重度不良反应均接受治疗后缓解。结论静脉注射用六氟化硫微泡在腹部超声检查中不良反应发生率极低,具有极高的临床应用安全性。

Objective To analyze the safety of abdominal contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)after intravenous injection of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles.Methods A total of 91312 patients who underwent abdominal CEUS examination with intravenous injection of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles in our hospital from January 2006 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The basic information,symptoms and signs of patients with adverse events(AEs)were collected,and the types,severity,treatment,and outcomes of AEs were summarized.Results In 91312 patients,35 cases(0.038%)had AEs,including 18 mild cases,10 moderate cases,7 severe cases,and no death occurred.There were 7 allergy-like AEs and 28 physiologic AEs.For patients with allergy-like AEs,the most common sign and symptom was limited urticaria/pruritis.For patients with physiologic AEs,the most common signs and symptoms were nausea/vomiting and vasovagal reactions.Among the 35 adverse reactions,23 cases(65.7%)were aged>40~60 years old,31 cases(88.6%)had abnormal liver function with different degree.Only 1 case(2.9%)had a history of sulfa drug allergy.34 cases(97.1%)with AEs occurred within 10 min after contrast agent injection,and all adverse reaction symptoms were relieved on the same day.Among the patients with mild AEs,12 cases were relieved without any treatment and 6 cases were relieved after receiving corresponding treatment.The patients with moderate and severe AEs were relieved after receiving corresponding treatment.Conclusion The incidence of adverse events after intravenous injection of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles in abdominal CEUS is very low,which has high safety in clinical application.