陕西秦岭西段繁殖鸟类多样性研究

Breeding Bird Diversity in Western Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi

陕西秦岭西段包括南坡的凤县,留坝县,勉县和略阳县以及北坡的陈仓区,渭滨区和陇县。为了了解秦岭西段南北坡繁殖鸟类的物种多样性,我们于2020-2022年的4-7月采用可变距离样线法进行了调查。共调查到鸟类182种,隶属于15目49科,其中国家级保护鸟类27种。无论是南坡还是北坡,东洋界物种和古北界物种的比例都接近于1∶1。不同生境中,落叶阔叶林带鸟类物种数最多,其次是农耕带,再次是针阔混交林带。而针叶林和草甸带物种数最低。各生境的优势种有很大差异,但是南北坡相似生境的优势种组成也趋于相似。总体上,南北坡鸟类多样性的海拔分布均呈现中峰模式。本研究为秦岭西段鸟类多样性的保护提供了基础数据。

Little information is known about bird diversity in western Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi province.Therefore,breeding bird diversity was surveyed by using line transect methodology from April to July of 2020-2022 in Fengxian County,Liuba County,Lueyang County and Mianxian County on southern slope and Chencang District,Weibin District.and Longxian County on northern slope of western Qinling Mountains.In total,182 species belonging to 15 orders and 49 families were found,of which 27 species were national key protected species.Moreover,there were 75 species of Oriental origin,72 species of Palearctic origin and 35 species are widespread.The deciduous broad-leaved forest is of highest species richness while coniferous forest and subalpine meadow had lowest species richness.The dominant bird species are various in different habitats,but the composition of dominant species is similar in similar habitat between southern and northern slope.Furthermore,the elevational pattern of breeding bird diversity showed a medium peak pattern.The present study may provide valuable data for biodiversity conservation in Qinling mountains.