我国猕猴桃标准数量结构分析

Quantity Structure Analysis of China’s Kiwifruit Standards

全产业链标准化、规范化是提高农品品质,促进产业效益大幅提升的重要途径。猕猴桃产业已成为我国猕猴桃主产区支柱产业之一,但全国栽植面积大、产量高,出口量小,高档果品进口与市场缺口量大。本文利用1991-2020年全国制定发布的猕猴桃标准数据,并与产业发展结合,初步分析了猕猴桃标准的数量结构特征。结果为,我国猕猴桃产业规模增长迅速,但标准体系建设滞后;近十年是猕猴桃标准制定发布快速增长期,与猕猴桃产量快速增长趋势同步,反映出产业规模越大对标准化需求越高;地方标准是猕猴桃标准体系的主体,南方对标准化的重视和推进程度强于北方;按新“三品一标”发展要求,未来猕猴桃产业高质量发展路途较长;陕西省作为全国猕猴桃大省,应在产业标准化建设方面加快步伐。

Kiwifruit industry in China has become a pillar industry for agricultural development,industrial poverty alleviation and rural revitalization in the country's main kiwifruit producing areas.However,there is still a gap between the quality of our kiwifruit and the quality of high-grade kiwi fruit.Based on the development of kiwifruit abroad,especially New Zealand kiwifruit industry more than 100 years of experience,standardization has been proved to be effective measures to improve the quality of kiwifruit.Based on the standard data of kiwifruit formulated and published from 1991 to 2020,this paper analyzed standards concerning kiwifruit from the perspectives of the time series,sector distribution and regional distribution.The conclusion is that Chinese kiwifruit industry grows rapidly,but the construction of standard system lags behind.The recent ten years is the rapid growth period of kiwifruit standard formulation and release,which is consistent with kiwifruit yield growth trend.Local standards are an important part of the kiwifruit standard system.However,different regions(provinces)attached different importance to standardization measures.The southern region is better than the northern region in standards formulation.Kiwifruit standards from variety breeding to market across the whole industry chain support is not enough.Shaanxi Province as a big province of kiwifruit plantation should accelerate the pace of standardization construction concerned.