浅析《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》中的批判与解放

A Brief Analysis of Criticism and Liberation in The Introduction of Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Law

在《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》(下文简称《导言》)中,马克思以宗教批判和政治批判为切入点,揭批了德国的现状及亟待解决的问题,指出社会解放的根本力量在于新生的无产阶级。《导言》遵循着政治批判和宗教批判的逻辑构筑,最后将实现人的解放上升为批判的终极旨归。对此,马克思强调要将无产阶级同哲学武器相结合,进而实现对人的本性的复归,将那些深受宗教僧侣精神统治和被现实制度奴役的悲惨德国人变成真正的人。深入探析《导言》中马克思对唯物史观的最初构筑,有助于推进马克思主义的中国化和时代化进程。

In The Introduction of Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Law(hereinafter referred to as The Introduction),Marx took religious criticism and political criticism as the starting point to expose the current situation and problems to be solved in Germany and pointed out that the fundamental power of social liberation lies in the new proletariat.The introduction follows the logical construction of political criticism and religious criticism,and finally elevates the realization of human liberation as the ultimate purport of criticism,pointing to human liberation as the final destination of the criticism of the first two.In this regard,Marx emphasized realizing the proletariat with philosophical weapons and then realizing the return of human nature,the tragic German people who were deeply spiritual rule by religious monks,and enslaved by the realistic system into real people.An in-depth analysis of Marx's initial construction of historical materialism in The Introduction is helpful to advance the sinicization and apodization of Marxism.