心力衰竭患者钠盐限制治疗的得与失

Loss and profit of sodium restriction therapy in patients with heart failure

尽管目前药物治疗和器械监护不断完善,心力衰竭(心衰)患者仍面临着较高的死亡率和心血管事件发生率,生活方式的改善在心衰预防和治疗过程中具有重要作用。对于各阶段心衰患者,指南均推荐合理的饮食结构,其中液体管理对于减少患者症状发作和住院率有重要作用,而钠盐摄入过多会加重水钠潴留从而加重心衰发作。基于此,指南通常建议心衰患者减少每日钠盐摄入。由于目前关于心衰患者钠盐摄入的研究众说纷纭,尚缺乏统一标准及循证医学证据。因此有必要重塑心衰患者钠盐限制治疗的得与失。

Despite the continuous improvement in drug therapy and device monitoring,patients with heart failure still face high mortality and cardiovascular event rates,and lifestyle improvements play an important role in heart failure prevention and treatment.For patients with heart failure at various stages,guidelines recommend a reasonable dietary structure,with fluid management playing an important role in reducing patient symptom exacerbations and hospitalization rates,while excessive sodium intake can worsen water and sodium retention,exacerbating heart failure attacks.Based on this,guidelines typically recommend that heart failure patients reduce their daily sodium intake.However,there is currently a lot of controversy regarding sodium intake in heart failure patients,and there is a lack of unified standards and evidence-based medicine.Therefore,it is necessary to reevaluate the loss and profit of sodium restriction therapy in heart failure patients.