高海拔山区铁路牵引供电系统——问题、挑战与对策思考

Issues,Challenges and Countermeasures in Traction Power Supply System of High-altitude Mountain Railway

我国西部高海拔山区铁路部分区段面临沿线缺乏有力电网支撑,外部电源系统极端薄弱,途径复杂大坡道高原山区,建设难度大。高海拔山区铁路对牵引供电系统的技术要求非常特殊,对外部电网接入方案、牵引变电所供电能力、电源备用方式、长大坡道电分相处理方案等诸多方面提出了极为特殊的要求。该文从输电网–牵引变电所协同规划、长大坡道对牵引供电系统电压抬升影响、客货混跑下牵引供电系统谐波稳定性问题3个方面,分别剖析高海拔山区铁路牵引供电系统安全运行所面临的难题。然后,通过梳理总结已有文献研究,依次从考虑列车负荷和风光新能源不确定性的输电网随机规划方法、长大坡道下牵引负荷准确模拟与电压抬升机理分析、电力机车–牵引网系统宽频带谐波稳定性分析与振荡抑制措施3个角度对上述问题进行初步分析,同时给出了可能的解决方案,为高海拔山区铁路安全运行研究提供了借鉴。

Due to the complex and steeply sloping plateau mountain regions and extremely weak external power supply system,it is challenging to construct the high-altitude mountain railway.The technical requirements of the traction power supply system of the high-altitude mountain railway are very special,such as the external power grid planning,the supply capability for traction power supply system,the reserve capacity of power supply,and the phase break setup scheme on the long steep grade.To ensure the safe operation of the traction power supply system of the high-altitude mountain railway,the paper analyzes three critical issues,including the coordinated planning of the electric power transmission network and the traction substations,the voltage rise mechanism of the traction power supply system on the long steep slope section,and the harmonic stability analysis of the traction power supply system under the mixed passenger and freight traffic.Then,by reviewing the existing research,the above problems are analyzed from three aspects.Then,by reviewing the existing research,the above problems are analyzed from three aspects,namely,the random planning method of power transmission network considering the uncertainty of train load,wind power and photovoltaic,the accurate simulation of traction load on the long steep grade and the mechanism analysis of voltage rise,the broadband harmonic stability analysis and oscillation suppression measures between electric locomotives and traction network systems.The potential solutions are given in turn to provide a reference for the high-altitude mountain railway safety operation.