外泌体源性微小RNA在肝细胞癌及其早期诊断中的作用

The role of exosomal miRNAs in the development and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球第六大最常见的恶性肿瘤。外泌体中微小RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs)可通过在细胞间传递交流来参与调控血管生成、上皮-间充质转化和介导免疫微环境等多种通路途径,从而促进HCC细胞的生长增殖和迁移侵袭,以及诱导肿瘤细胞耐药。此外,外泌体源性miRNAs展现了显著的组织特异性和作为新颖生物标志物的巨大潜力,已成为当前HCC早期液体活检研究的热门领域。本文综述了外泌体源性miRNAs在HCC发生发展和耐药中的作用机制,揭示了其潜在的系统性分子调控网络,归纳了其在HCC早期诊断中的应用价值。

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common malignant tumor in the world.Many studies have shown that microRNAs(miRNAS)in the exosomes can mediate intercellular communication and transmission to participate in regulating angiogenesis,epithelial mesenchymal transformation,immune microenvironment and other pathways,thereby promoting the growth,proliferation,migration and invasion of HCC cells,as well as drug resistance of tumor cells.In addition,exosomal miRNAs show significant tissue specificity and great potential as novel biomarkers,and have become one of the hot items of fluid biopsy for early-stage HCC.This paper aims to review the molecular mechanism of exosomal miRNAs in the occurrence,development and drug resistance of HCC,and reveal its potential molecular regulatory network,and summarize its application value in the early diagnosis of HCC.