维和官兵任务中期孤独感调查及相关因素分析

Investigation and Related Factors on the Loneliness of Peacekeeping Officers and Soldiers During the Middle Mission

目的探讨维和官兵任务中期孤独感状况及影响因素。方法调查抽取第八批赴马里维和的303名官兵为研究对象。在任务中期,采用UCLA孤独量表(University of California Los Angeles Loneliness scale,UCLA-LS)、大五人格量表简化版(neuroticism extraversion openness five-factor inventory,NEO-FFI)、成就动机量表(achievement motivation scale,AMS)、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)、人际关系综合诊断量表(interpersonal relationships assessment scale,IRAS)及一般情况调查表进行调查分析。结果孤独感总分低于国内其他军人群体,中等孤独感维和官兵占26.74%。维和官兵孤独感总分在不同单位方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在文化、职别、婚姻、经济状况等方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。神经质、交谈困扰、待物困扰、避免失败动机因子与孤独感显著正相关,而外向性、开放性、宜人性、严谨性人格及社会支持利用度因子与孤独感显著负相关(P<0.01)。线性回归分析显示,孤独感预测因素有神经质、单位、避免失败动机、社会支持利用度。结论维和官兵孤独感水平较低,但存在一定的孤独情绪。维和官兵的孤独感受多种因素影响。完善人格筛查,培养主动寻求支持、融洽人际关系、合理运用成就动机的能力是避免孤独的有效途径。

Objective To investigate the loneliness of peacekeeping officers and soldiers and its related factors during the middle mission.Methods A total of 303 soldiers from the 8th batch of peacekeeping officers and soldiers to Mali were selected as the research subjects.In the middle of the mission,University of California Los Angeles Loneliness scale(UCLA-LS),neuroticism extraversion openness five-factor inventory(NEO-FFI),achievement motivation scale(AMS),social support rating scale(SSRS),interpersonal relationships assessment scale(IRAS)and general information questionnaire were used for investigation and anlysis.Results The total score of loneliness was lower than that of other military personnel in China,and 26.74%of the peacekeeping officers and soldiers had moderate loneliness.There were significant differences in the total score of loneliness among peacekeeping officers and soldiers in different units(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in culture,level of position,marriage and economic status(P>0.05).The factors of neuroticism,trouble with conversation,trouble in dealing with surroundings and avoiding failure motivation were significantly positively correlated with loneliness,while the factors of extraversion,openness,agreeableness,conscientiousness and social support utilization were significantly negatively correlated with loneliness(P<0.01).Linear regression analysis showed that the predictive factors of loneliness were neuroticism,unit,motivation to avoid failure and social support utilization.Conclusion The loneliness level of peacekeeping officers and soldiers is low,but there is a certain degree of loneliness.Feellings of loneliness among peacekeeping officers and soldiers are influenced by many factors.Improving personality screening,cultivating the ability of actively seeking support,harmonious interpersonal relationship and reasonable use of achievement motivation are effective ways to avoid loneliness.