矩形结晶器铜管浇注过程中变形原因分析

Analysis of causes for deformation of copper tubein rectangular mold

为了控制矩形结晶器铜管内腔在浇注过程中的变形,对优化铜管设计提供参考。通过简支梁均布载荷公式计算了结晶器铜管的最大挠度;结合温度梯度和热膨胀系数计算了热变形程度;分析了不同水压下铜管内壁尺寸以及锥度的变化。利用MSC Software软件仿真计算了结晶器内温度场以及变形量分布情况。分析结果表明,冷却水压是引起铜管变形的主要原因,且最大的变形位置在铜管内腔的中心位置,最大变形量为1.76 mm。结晶器铜管的锥度呈现上半部分增大,下半部分减小的趋势。仿真计算结果表明,铜管内腔的平面区域容易产生热应力而发生变形,中区域变形较大,四分之一处的变形量为中心处的72%。冷却水压和变形量呈正比线性关系,并且在同等压力的条件下,铜管壁厚度下降4 mm,变形量增加了35%。

To control the deformation of rectangular crystallizer copper tube cavity in the casting process,reference is provided for optimizing copper tube design.The maximum deflection of crystallizer copper tube was calculated by the uniform load formula of simply supported beam,the thermal deformation was calculated by combining temperature gradient and thermal expansion coefficient and the changes of inner wall size and taper of copper tube under different water pressures were analyzed.The temperature field and deformation distribution in the mold were simulated by MSC Software.The analysis results show that the cooling water pressure is the main cause of copper tube deformation,the largest deformation position is in the center of the copper tube cavity and maximum deformation value 1.76 mm.The taper of the copper tube of the crystallizer increases in the upper part and decreases in the lower part.The simulation results show that the plane area of the copper tube cavity is prone to thermal stress and deformation.The deformation in the middle area is larger,and the deformation in the quarter is 72%of that in the center.Cooling water pressure and deformation is proportional to the linear relationship,and under the same pressure conditions,the copper tube wall thickness decreased 4 mm,deformation increased by 35%.