cGAS-STING通路在肿瘤放射治疗中的研究进展

Recent progress on cGAS-STING pathway in tumor radiotherapy

放射治疗广泛应用于原发性和转移性恶性肿瘤的治疗。传统观念认为,放疗对肿瘤的杀伤作用是基于电离辐射对DNA直接或间接的破坏。近年来,电离辐射诱导的抗肿瘤免疫反应在其抗肿瘤中的作用和机制备受关注,取得诸多进展。其中,环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合酶(cGAS)-干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)通路被认为是关键调控枢纽之一。cGAS是一种细胞质DNA感受器,可与肿瘤来源的双链DNA结合,并激活下游的STING,从而激活宿主抗肿瘤免疫反应。针对该领域的最新研究进展,本文重点总结cGAS-STING通路在放疗免疫效应中的重要作用和潜在机制,并探讨靶向cGAS-STING通路在放疗增敏中的应用前景。

Radiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of primary and metastatic malignant tumors.It is traditionally believed that the killing effect of radiotherapy on tumor is based on the direct or indirect damage of ionizing radiation to DNA.In recent years,the anti-tumor role and mechanism of anti-tumor immune response induced by ionizing radiation have captivated widespread attention and achieved significant progress.Among them,Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interference genes(STING)pathway is considered to be one of the key regulatory hubs.cGAS is a cytoplasmic DNA receptor that can bind to tumor-derived double-stranded DNA and activate the downstream STING,thereby activating anti-tumor immune response of the host.In view of the latest progress in this field,the important role and potential mechanism of cGAS-STING pathway in radiotherapy immune effect were mainly summarized,and the application prospect of targeting cGAS-STING pathway in radiotherapy sensitization was explored.