外源补给型岩溶管道系统特征及隧道涌水条件研究——以利咸高速楼门隧道为例

Characteristics of External Recharge Karst Pipeline System and Water Inflow Condition-Taking Loumen Tunnel in Lixian Expressway as an Example

为更加科学地预测岩溶隧道发生管道型突水时的涌水量,有效规避岩溶地区隧道施工过程中重大水害风险,以利咸高速公路楼门隧道为例,结合野外水文地质条件调查、地下水示踪试验、高分辨率降雨-流量动态监测等多种方法,通过查明研究区内岩溶管道系统地下水补径排条件、岩溶水系统边界条件,分析暗河管道的空间展布及其与楼门隧道之间的空间关系,研究了外源补给型岩溶管道系统特征及隧道涌水条件,并根据高精度暗河出口流量和降雨量观测数据,采用相关性分析法对楼门隧道涌水量进行了预测。结果表明:响水洞岩溶水系统内部发育有两条岩溶管道(Ⅰ号岩溶管道和Ⅱ号岩溶管道),楼门隧道与Ⅰ号岩溶管道在平面上相交,极有可能是隧道突涌水的主要来源;楼门隧道日最大涌水量达99688 m3/d;建议从平、剖面上进一步优化线位,以规避重大岩溶突涌水灾害。该研究结果可为楼门隧道工程的设计与施工安全提供地质依据。

To more scientifically predict the water inflow of karst tunnel and avoid the major water inflow risk during the construction process,taking Loumen tunnel in Lixian expressway as an example9by the methods of field hydrogeological survey,groundwater tracer test,high-resolution rainfall flow dynamic monitoring,etc.,we studied the supplement,runoff and draining of ground water,the classification of karst water system,the spatial distribution of underground river pipeline and the relationship with Loumen tunnel in the study area.The results are as follows:there are two karst pipelines(I and H)in the karst water system of Xiangshui cave.The tunnel intersects No.I karst pipeline on the plane,which is probably the main source of water inflow in the tunnel.According to the high-resolution observation data of discharge and rainfall at the outlet of the underground river,the correlation analysis method is used to predict the water inflow of the tunnel,and the maximum water inflow of the tunnel is 99688 m^(3)/d.It is suggested to further optimize the line location from the plane and profile to avoid major karst water inflow.The research results can provide geological basis for the design and construction safety of Loumen tunnel.