化学修饰多糖的方法及生物活性研究进展

Research Progress on Chemical Modification Methods of Polysaccharides and Their Biological Activity

多糖属于生物大分子,其生物活性取决于结构及理化性质。研究表明,多糖的化学修饰可以使其结构多样性显著增加,提高生物活性,甚至增加新的生物活性。本文系统综述了近年来化学修饰多糖的研究进展,包括常用的化学修饰方法、各类化学修饰对多糖分子量、理化特性或空间结构的影响、化学修饰多糖的生物活性以及化学修饰多糖在医药和食品工业中的应用前景及挑战,以期为化学修饰多糖的深入研究提供参考建议,同时为未来基于人类健康的食品医药开发提供重要的依据。

Polysaccharides are biological macromolecules and their biological activities depend on their structure and physicochemical properties.Studies have shown that chemical modification of polysaccharides can significantly increase their structural diversity,improve their biological activities,and even add new biological activities.This article reviews systematacially the research progress of chemical modification of polysaccharides in recent years,including frequently-used methods of chemical modification,the influence of various chemical modification on molecular weight of polysaccharides,physical and chemical properties and spatial structure,the biological activity of chemically modified polysaccharides as well as their pharmaceutical and food industrial application prospect and challenges.It is expected to offer a reference for the further research chemically modified polysaccharides and provide an important basis for the future development of food and medicine based on human health.