海拔高度对马龙烟区烤烟的影响

Effects of Altitudes on Flue-cured Tobacco Quality in Malong Tobacco-growing Area

为探明海拔高度对烟叶品质的影响,以马龙烟区145份烤烟样品为试验材料,研究不同海拔高度对烟叶化学成分、致香物质含量、评吸质量特征、风格特色和烟气特征的影响。结果表明:海拔高度对马龙烟区烟叶的品质影响较大;其中,烟碱含量随海拔高度升高而增加,钾氯比随海拔高度升高而降低,海拔高度对钙、镁、磷和硫等含量影响不大;挥发性酸、挥发性碱和芸香苷均随海拔高度升高而降低,石油醚提取物和绿原酸随海拔升高呈先升高后降低的趋势;烟叶干燥感随着海拔高度的升高呈下降趋势,海拔高度对烟叶香气质、香气量、杂气、刺激性等评吸质量以及整体评吸风格特色和烟气特征评分影响均不大。综合来看,马龙烟区海拔2 050 m以上区域具有较好的生态条件,因此其烟叶品质好,为优质烤烟种植区。

To explore the effects of different altitudes on tobacco quality,145 fluecured tobacco samples were collected from 8 townships in Malong County,Qujing City.The effects of different altitudes on tobacco chemical components,aroma content,smoking quality characteristics,smoking style characteristics,and smoke characteristics were studied.The test results showed that altitudes had significant effects on tobacco quality.The nicotine content increased with the elevation,while the potassium-chloride ratio decreased with the elevation.Altitudes had little effect on the content of calcium,magnesium,phosphorus,and sulfur.The volatile acids,the volatile alkalis,and rutin decreased with the elevation,and the petroleum ether extracts and chlorogenic acids increased first and then decreased with the rise of altitude.There was no significant difference in aroma quality,aroma amount,miscellaneous gas,irritant,overall smoking characteristics,and smoke characteristics.In conclusion,the area above the altitude of 2050 m in the Malong tobacco-growing area had beneficial ecological conditions,so the quality of tobacco leaves in this area was superior,and it was a high-quality flue-cured tobacco planting area.