鄂尔多斯盆地西南部三叠系延长组长9段事件沉积类型、特征及地质意义

Types,characteristics and geological significance of event deposits of Chang 9 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in southwestern Ordos Basin,NW China

通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定、测井及测试数据分析,对鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组9段(简称长9段)事件沉积类型及特征进行剖析。研究表明,盆地西南部长9段存在地震、重力流、火山、缺氧等4类9亚类事件沉积。通过对不同类型事件沉积特征和分布规律分析,提出不同类型的事件沉积普遍存在共生或伴生关系,具有内在成因联系和分布规律。识别出事件沉积较发育的5种沉积(微)相,建立了事件沉积成因模式。震积岩主要发育在盆地幕式扩张的湖侵期,常见液化流动、重力作用及脆性剪切变形;重力流主要分布在高水位期,夹于前三角洲或半深湖细粒沉积中,形成条带状、朵状的滑塌浊积扇,震积岩层段之上相对发育;火山事件沉积见于长9段下部,呈顶、底突变接触,可反映同期火山活动;缺氧沉积一般形成于湖侵后期至高水位期。长9段高位期发育厚层富有机质泥页岩,沉积期事件沉积有利于形成油气潜在储集层。

Through core observation,thin section identification,and logging and testing data analysis,the types and characteristics of event deposits in the ninth member of Yanchang Formation of Triassic(Chang 9 Member)in southwestern Ordos Basin,China,are examined.That there are 4 types and 9 subtypes of event deposits,i.e.earthquake,gravity flow,volcanic and anoxic deposits,in the Chang 9 Member in the study area.Based on the analysis of the characteristics and distribution of such events deposits,it is proposed that the event deposits are generally symbiotic or associated,with intrinsic genetic relations and distribution laws.Five kinds of sedimentary microfacies with relatively developed event deposits are identified,and the genetic model of event deposits is discussed.Seismites are mainly developed in the lake transgression stage when the basin expands episodically,and commonly affected by liquefaction flow,gravity action and brittle shear deformation.Gravity flow,mainly distributed in the high water level period,sandwiched in the fine-grained sediments of prodelta or semi-deep lake,or creates banded or lobate slump turbidite fan.It is relatively developed above the seismites strata.The volcanic event deposits are only seen in the lower part of the Chang 9 Member,showing abrupt contact at the top and bottom,which reflects the volcanic activity at the same time.Anoxic deposits are mostly formed in the late stage of lake transgression to the highstand stage.Very thick organic-rich shales are developed in the highstand stage of Chang 9 Member,and the event deposits in the depositional period of these shales are conducive to potential reservoirs.