王先谦三家《诗》的编辑思想--以《诗三家义集疏》为中心

The Editorial Thoughts of Wang Xianqian's Sanjia Shi:Taking Shi Sajia Yi Ji Shu as the Center

王先谦辑录西汉鲁、齐、韩三家今文《诗》说,坚持实事求是的治学态度,不囿于门户,提倡创新。王先谦编辑的《诗三家义集疏》呈现出鲜明的思想特点:重视文字训诂,注重考订异文,全书以考据为主,亦能阐释诗旨,讲究微言大义,对宋儒朱熹弃《毛诗序》而言《诗》者多有所采;辑录三家《诗》说,亦能征引历代研究《毛诗》学者之论述,兼综并蓄,并参以己意,详为疏解;继承了乾嘉学者的治学方法,注重辑佚和实证,考辩三家源流,稽考时人著述,集清代三家《诗》之大成。

Wang Xianqian had complied the Books of Songs by Lu,Qi and Han in the Western Han Dynasty.He insisted on the attitude of seeking truth from facts and advocated innovation instead of being confined by schools.Wang Xianqian's Collection of Sanjia Shi showed distinct ideological characteristics:emphasis on literal interpretation,paying attention to study different words,the book was mainly textual research,can also explain the subject of the poem.The book had many viewpoints from Zhu Xi,a Confucian in Song Dynasty,who gave up Preface of Mao Shi;Wang Xianqian can also quote the treatises of scholars who had studied the Mao Shi,and combine them with their own ideas to explain in detail;Wang Xianqian inherited the research methods of Qianjia scholars,and he paid attention to the collection of the lost and empirical evidence,examined the origins of the Sanjia Shi,examined the writings of contemporary scholars,and collected the great achievements of Sanjia Shi in the Qing Dynasty.