放牧美仁牦牛屠宰性能和肉品质特性研究

Study on Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality Characteristics of Grazing Meiren Yak

为研究美仁牦牛的屠宰性能和肉品质特性,发掘其遗传资源,随机选取13头美仁牦牛(5头公牛,8头母牛)进行屠宰试验和肉品质相关指标的测定。将检测结果与相关文献进行比对分析,结果表明,放牧美仁牦牛成年公牛的屠宰率52.10%,母牛的屠宰率49.91%。公牛的屠宰率高于查吾拉牦牛、雪多牦牛和环湖牦牛公牛。美仁牦牛公牛的眼肌面积高于雪多牦牛、环湖牦牛公牛,低于查吾拉牦牛和肃南牦牛。美仁牦牛肉的剪切力大于金川牦牛和麦洼牦牛。美仁牦牛肉的蛋白质含量21.20%,氨基酸和脂肪酸种类丰富,比例均衡。综合来看,美仁牦牛产肉性能优良,肉品质相对较好。

In order to study the slaughtering performance and meat quality characteristics of Meiren yak and explore its genetic resources,13 Meiren yaks(5 males and 8 females)were randomly selected for slaughter test and determination of related indexes of meat quality.The obtained data were compared and analyzed with relevant literatures.The results showed that the slaughter rates of adult bulls and cows in grazing Meiren yaks were 52.10%and 49.91%,respectively.The slaughter rate of male yak was higher than that of Chawula male yak,Xueduo male yak and Huanhu male yak.The eye muscle area of the male yak was higher than that of the Xueduo male yak and Huanhu male yak.The shear force of male yak meat in Meiren yak was significantly lower than that of female(P<0.05),higher than Jinchuan yak and Maiwa yak.Meiren yak meat had a protein content of 21.20%,rich in amino acids and fatty acids,and a balanced proportion.In conclusion,meat production performance and meat quality of Meiren yak are good.