肃北牦牛屠宰性能及肉品质分析

Analysis of Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality in Subei Yak

为研究肃北牦牛的屠宰性能和肉品营养特征,阐述肃北牦牛潜在的种质资源特性,选取10头肃北牦牛进行屠宰测定,并与文献报道的甘南牦牛、环湖牦牛、麦洼牦牛、肃南牦牛、金川牦牛、类乌齐牦牛、高山牦牛、雪多牦牛和亚丁牦牛数据进行比较分析。屠宰性能分析结果显示,肃北牦牛的心脏和肺脏重量均高于环湖牦牛和麦洼牦牛,宰前重、胴体重、眼肌面积、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比均明显高于麦洼牦牛、肃南牦牛和环湖牦牛;肉品质分析结果显示,肃北牦牛肉与其他品种牦牛肉相比,L*值偏低、a*值偏高、嫩度中等;营养成分检测结果显示,肃北牦牛肉中的钙含量高于环湖牦牛和亚丁牦牛,磷含量高于亚丁牦牛和甘南牦牛。综上,肃北牦牛具有良好的屠宰性能及优良的肉品质和营养价值。

In order to study the slaughter performance and meat nutrition characteristics of Subei yak,and to elaborate the potential germplasm resources characteristics of Subei yak,10 Subei yaks were selected for slaughter determination,and compared analyses with the data of Gannan yak,Huanhu yak,Maiwa yak,Sunan yak,Jinchuan yak,Leiwuqi yak,Alpine yak,Xueduo yak and Yading yak reported in the literature.Slaughter performance analysis showed that the weights of heart and lung of Subei yak were higher than those of Huanhu yak and Maiwa yak,and the live weight,carcass weight,eye muscle area,slaughter rate,net meat rate and meat-bone ratio of Subei yak were significantly higher than those of Maiwa yak,Sunan yak and Huanhu yak.The meat quality analysis showed that the L*value of Subei yak meat was lower,the a*value was higher,the tenderness was medium,compared with other breeds of yak meat.The calcium content in the meat of Subei yak was higher than that of Huanhu yak and Yading yak,and the phosphorus content was higher than that of Yading yak and Gannan yak.In summary,Subei yak has higher slaughter performance and better meat value and nutritional value.