高原羊肚菌营养成分与栽培土壤养分相关性探讨

Correlation Analysis of Morchella Nutritional Components and Soil Nutrients in Plateau

为探讨羊肚菌(Morchella esculenta)营养成分与栽培土壤养分的相关性,对自主选育品种羊肚菌QJ-2、QJ-3、QJ-6、QJ-8和QJ-9进行栽培,在其子实体成熟期,每个品种选择6个样方,每个样方1m×1m,每个样方内采集4个子实体,并收集子实体基部周围土壤,测定不同品种的子实体营养成分和土壤养分含量,采用偏最小二乘回归(partial least square regression,PLS)分析子实体营养成分与土壤养分的相关性。结果表明:不同品种的子实体在营养成分方面,除氨基酸总量、维生素B2含量和粗多糖含量差异不显著外,其他指标均存在不同程度的差异;在土壤养分方面,除有机质含量和有效磷含量差异不显著外,其他指标也均存在不同程度的差异;子实体的氨基酸总量、维生素B2含量和粗多糖含量均与土壤的全磷含量、全钾含量、水溶性有机碳含量、有效磷含量和速效钾含量之间存在显著正相关,与全氮含量之间相关性不显著。本研究结果可为青藏高原羊肚菌的科学栽培和品质控制提供参考。

Using morel cultivars QJ-2,QJ-3,QJ-6,QJ-8 and QJ-9,fruiting body nutrients and soil nutrients of different cultivars were compared,and correlations between morel nutritional components and soil nutrients were studied by partial least square regression analysis(PLS).At the maturation stage,six quadrats of 1 m×1 m were sampled per cultivar,and four fruiting bodies were picked per quadrat.Nutrients in the sampled fruiting bodies were measured.Soil samples surrounding the base of fruiting bodies were also collected and then measured for soil nutrients.The results showed that fruiting bodies of different cultivars had significant differences in vitamin B_1 content,cellulose content and hemicellulose content.Except organic matter and available phosphorus,the rest soil nutrient indicators were significantly different between different cultivars.Total amino acid content,vitamin B_2 content and crude polysaccharide content of fruiting bodies were positively correlated with soil total phosphorus content,total potassium content,water-soluble organic carbon content,available phosphorus content and available potassium content,but not with total nitrogen content.The results of this study provided a reference for scientific cultivation and quality control of morels.