新冠肺炎疫情下旅游者心理韧性的影响因素研究

A Study on the Influencing Factors of Tourists′Psychological Resilience in the Context of COVID-19

心理韧性是个体心理健康的重要标志,也是个体面对逆境展示出的一种抗逆力,心理韧性为研究旅游者应对外界风险提供了一个有效的理论框架。以新冠肺炎疫情为背景,采用模糊集定性比较方法(fsQCA)对旅游者心理韧性影响因素的联合效应进行探索,研究发现:产生三类导致旅游者心理韧性降低的模式,分别是“不确定感—消极应对导向型”“人格特质制约型”和“神经质—消极应对导向型”。产生三类促进旅游者心理韧性提升的模式,分别是“社会支持引领型”“积极应对引领型”以及“外部支持—积极应对导向型”,其中家庭支持、社会支持和积极应对方式的组合是最优路径。本研究根据非对称性因果关系理论来解释条件间相互依赖的组态效应,为疫情下如何提高旅游者心理韧性提供了理论支撑。

Psychological resilience is an important symbol of individual mental health,and it is also a kind of resilience that individuals show in the face of adversity.Psychological resilience provides an effective theoretical framework for studying tourists′coping with external risks.In the context of COVID-19,Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)was used to explore the combined effect of factors influencing tourists′psychological resilience.The results show that:There are three types of patterns that lead to the decrease of the psychological resilience of tourists,which are"uncertainty—negative coping oriented","personality trait conditioned"and"neuroticism—negative coping oriented".There are three types of patterns that promote the psychological resilience of tourists,which are"social support leading","positive coping leading"and"external support—positive coping oriented",among which the combination of family support,social support and positive coping style is the optimal path.Based on the asymmetric causality theory,this paper explains the configuration effect of interdependence among conditions,which provides theoretical support for how to improve the psychological resilience of tourists during the epidemic.