1920—1940年代读者批评与新诗“颓废”诗学的传统文化阐释

Reader Criticism and Traditional Cultural Interpretation of"Decadent"Poetics of the Chinese New Poetry from the 1920s to the 1940s

1920—1940年代,受到无意识积淀的传统文化影响,中国读者进入新诗批评领域,吸收西方“颓废”诗学的同时,产生巨大的现代化塑造能量,为新式的文学审美注入现代主义的理论品格。基于中西异质文化的摩擦、比照、交融,许多民国报刊批评文献适量摄入儒、道、佛的传统文化思想,读者群体潜移默化地完成对象征派、左翼、“现代派”和西南联大诗人诗歌的过滤性阐释,中国新诗“颓废”诗学在特定文学生态语境里发生选择性突变。传统文化的指认造就了西方诗学传播接受的现代性蜕变,传统文化自觉的话语建构,暗含逆向整合的先锋实验意识。

From the 1920s to the 1940s,under the influence of unconsciously accumulated traditional culture,Chinese readers entered the field of new poetic criticism.While absorbing Western"decadent"poetics,they generated great shaping energy of modernization and injected the theoretical character of modernism into the new literary aesthetic.Based on the friction,comparison and integration of the different cultures between China and the West,a lot of newspaper critical literature in the period of the Republic of China took in an appropriate amount of traditional cultural thoughts of Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism,and the readers imperceptitiously completed the filtering interpretation of the poems by poets of the symbolist school,the Left Wing,the"modernist school"and the Southwest Associated University.The"decadent"poetics of the Chinese new poetry underwent selective mutation in the specific literary ecological context.The identification of traditional culture resulted in the modern transformation of the dissemination and acceptance of western poetics,and the conscious discourse construction of traditional culture implied the pioneer experimental consciousness of reverse integration.