马基雅维里是一个伊壁鸠鲁主义者吗?

Is Machiavelli an Epicurean?

马基雅维里在《论李维罗马史》中指出,就像发现新海域和新土地的人一样,他发现了政治世界的新模式和新制度。不同于当代主流的三种理解模式,考察马基雅维里与伊壁鸠鲁主义的关系,可分析马基雅维里的政治哲学超越古典政治哲学的层面。一方面,马基雅维里将其思想奠基于伊壁鸠鲁主义的自然哲学之上,以原子论为工具构建自己的政治哲学;另一方面,不像一个满足于安静地观察自然的沉思者,马基雅维里视政治生活的退场与心灵的安宁为幻觉,从而背离了以沉思生活为最终旨趣的古典政治哲学,并肯定了现实的政治实践的价值,开现代政治之先河。

Machiavelli pointed out in Discourses on the First Ten Books of Titus Livy that,as those who discovered new seas and new lands,he discovered new models and new systems of the political world.Different from the three contemporary mainstream understanding modes,the aspect of Machiavelli s political philosophy that transcended classical political philosophy could be analyzed by examining the relationship between Machiavelli and Epicureanism.On the one hand,Machiavelli based his thoughts on the natural philosophy of Epicureanism,and used atomism as a tool to construct his own political philosophy;on the other hand,unlike a meditator who was content to observe nature quietly,Machiavelli regarded the departure from political life and the peace of mind as an illusion.Thus,he deviated from the classical political philosophy,whose ultimate purpose was to contemplate life,affirmed the value of realistic political practice,and set up a precedent for modern politics.