利用数字图像处理技术绘制苹果染色图谱及判定苹果成熟期

Digital Image Processing Technology was Used to Draw the Apple Dyeing Map and Determine the Apple Maturity

根据果实的不同采摘用途,做到适期采收,方能获得加高的经济收益,用淀粉-碘染色法确定苹果成熟度是一种实用的方式。但是直接用肉眼去判断分类苹果的采收期会受到人主观选择意向的影响,可能会错误的判断采收期。本文以甘肃省静宁县果树研究所几种主栽苹果品种“静宁一号”“甘红”“成纪一号”“2001富士”“Kco8号”“首富一号”为研究对象,将不同采收期的果实横切后用碘液染色,拍照研究。利用自适应阈值(OTSU)原理划分果实成熟度,制作碘-淀粉染色图谱。再利用图像相似度公式:欧氏距离、切比雪夫距离、城市街区距离为测算方法,计算测试图像和碘-淀粉图谱各个成熟期图像之间的距离,以此来判断测试图像的成熟期。利用自适应阈值的原理科学的制作了6种苹果的碘-淀粉染色图谱,并划分了5个成熟期。并以此为基础,通过距离测算的方法将测试样本准确的归类到合适的成熟期,且分类结果较准确,为苹果的采收期提供了一定的理论依据。

According to the different picking uses of fruits,only when the fruits are harvested at the appropriate time can we obtain higher economic benefits.It is a practical way to determine the maturity of apples by starch iodine staining.However,judging the harvest time of classified apples directly with the naked eye will be affected by people's subjective choice intention,and may misjudge the harvest time.In this paper,several main apple varieties"Jingning No.1","Ganhong","Chengji No.1","2001 Fuji","Kco8"and"Shoufu No1".The principle of adaptive threshold(OTSU)was used to divide fruit maturity and make iodine starch staining map.Then using the image similarity formula:Euclidean distance,Chebyshev distance and urban block distance as the calculation method,calculate the distance between the test image and the iodine starch map images in each maturity period,so as to judge the maturity period of the test image.Based on the principle of adaptive threshold,iodine starch staining maps of six kinds of apples were scientifically made,and five maturity periods were divided.On this basis,the test samples are accurately classified to the appropriate maturity period through the distance measurement method,and the classification results are more accurate.It provides a theoretical basis for the harvest time of apple.