唾液肿瘤标志物的研究进展

Latest Findings on Salivary Tumor Biomarkers

唾液是由口腔唾液腺分泌的混合生物体液,蕴含丰富的物质信息。随着唾液组学的不断发展,唾液不仅作为巨大的生物标志物储存库,唾液诊断也成为一种新型诊断技术,具有无侵袭性、易于获取、成本低等优势。但口腔环境复杂多变,标志物含量等易受影响,找到“真正的”唾液生物标志物仍然是一个挑战。本文主要关注常见肿瘤的潜在唾液标志物,包括DNA、RNA、蛋白质、代谢物和微生物等,针对目前已鉴定的或关联性标志物进行系统性总结,并指出建立多学科交叉体系开发唾液诊断技术,逐步构建唾液诊断平台,寻找更加精准的肿瘤预警标志物是未来发展方向。

Saliva,a complex mixed biological fluid secreted by the salivary glands in the oral cavity,contains a wide variety of substances and information.With the development of saliva omics,studies have shown that saliva not only serves as a huge reservoir of biomarker,but saliva diagnostics has also become a new diagnostic technology with the advantages of non-invasiveness,easy access,and low cost.However,finding"true"saliva biomarkers is still a challenge due to the complex and changeable nature of the oral environment and the high susceptibility of biomarker content to influences.Herein,mainly focusing on potential salivary biomarkers of common tumors,including DNA,RNA,proteins,metabolites and microorganisms,we gave a systematic overview of the biomarkers that had been identified so far or the associated biomarkers.We suggested that the future development direction should be the establishment of a multidisciplinary system for developing saliva diagnosis technology,the gradual construction of a saliva diagnosis platform,and the search for more precise pre-warning tumor biomarkers.