免疫代谢在肿瘤免疫中的功能研究进展

Latest Findings on the Function of Immune Metabolism in Tumor Immunity

代谢重编程是癌症的重要特征,以满足其快速增殖的需求。肿瘤中的代谢变化调控免疫细胞多种代谢途径来实现抗肿瘤免疫抑制。近年来对糖、氨基酸和脂质的代谢变化的研究,以及肿瘤细胞和免疫细胞间代谢调控的相互作用的深入探索,靶向代谢的同时联合现有抗肿瘤疗法,通过满足免疫细胞的代谢需求增强免疫治疗的抗肿瘤效应,为靶向肿瘤免疫代谢治疗、增强抗肿瘤免疫反应提供新的思路。关于新的免疫检查点分子、新型细胞免疫疗法的研究也正在进行。本文对近年来肿瘤免疫抑制的免疫代谢机制及其在免疫治疗中的功能相关研究进展进行综述,并对未来免疫代谢调控的发展进行展望。

Metabolic reprogramming,an important hallmark of cancer,helps cancer achieve rapid proliferation.Metabolic changes in tumors regulate multiple metabolic pathways of immune cells,thereby suppressing antitumor immunity.Recent studies have been focused on in-depth investigation into the changes in the metabolism of glucose,amino acids,and lipids.Researchers have also conducted in-depth exploration of the interactive metabolic regulation of tumor cells and immune cells.Targeting various metabolic mechanisms while combining available anti-tumor therapies and enhancing the anti-tumor effects of immunotherapy by satisfying the metabolic demands of immune cells has offered new perspectives for therapies targeting the immune metabolism of tumors and enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.Studies on novel immune checkpoint molecules and cellular immunotherapies are also ongoing.Herein,we reviewed the latest findings on the mechanisms of immune metabolism underlying tumor immunosuppression and their application in immunotherapy.We also suggested some ideas for the future development of the regulation of immune metabolism.