壮医“虚论”刍议

Discussion of“Deficiency Theory”in Zhuang Medicine

壮医药是岭南民族的原创医药,同时也是我国医疗卫生资源的重要组成部分。“虚论”作为壮医药的核心理论思想,具有重要的学术价值。然而,壮医“虚论”理论思想尚未得到深入阐明。基于此,笔者从“虚论”的角度,初步探讨壮医“虚”的病因病机、“虚”的类型及“虚”的辨证论治等,进一步完善壮医“虚论”的理论内容。经过梳理,笔者发现壮医认为导致人体“虚”的病因主要包括先天禀赋不足、外邪侵袭、久病失养、饮食不节、情志失调及失治误治六大因素,壮医“虚”的病机包括三道(气道、水道、谷道)运化失常、两路(龙路、火路)不畅、天地人三气不同步、人体气血阴阳虚衰四大机理。壮医“虚”可分为气虚、血虚、阴虚、阳虚四个类型,其辨证论治应当遵循“内补外扶,补之有节”的原则,注重内外兼治。通过对壮医“虚论”理论的阐述,笔者认为壮医“虚论”理论蕴含着丰富的“整体观”的思想,对疾病的辨证论治有着积极的指导意义。

Zhuang medicine is the indigenous medicine of the Lingnan ethnic group and an essential component of China s medical and health resources.As the core theoretical concept of Zhuang medicine,the“theory of deficiency”has considerable academic value.However,the theoretical idea of the“theory of deficiency”of Zhuang medicine has not been clarified in depth.Based on this,the author intends to explore the etiology and pathogenesis of the“theory of deficiency”in Zhuang medicine,as well as the classification and treatment of“deficiency”from the perspective of the“theory of deficiency”,so as to further improve the theoretical content of the“deficiency theory”.After sorting,the author found that the causes of“deficiency”in Zhuang medicine mainly include six factors:congenital deficiency,invasion by external evil,loss of nourishment after a prolonged illness,improper diet,emotional and mental disorders,and mishandling of treatment.There are four types of basic pathogenesis of“deficiency”in Zhuang medicine,which include abnormal transportation and transformation of the three“channels”(Qi channels,water channels,and grain channels),irregularity of the“two paths”(dragon path and fire path),lack of synchronization of the three Qi of heaven,earth,and man,and deficiency of the body’s Qi and blood Yin and Yang.The“deficiency theory”in Zhuang medicine can be divided into four types:Qi deficiency,blood deficiency,Yin deficiency,and Yang deficiency,while syndrome differentiation and treatment should follow the principle of“internal supplementation and external support,with a proper supplementation”,emphasizing both internal and external treatment.Through the elaboration of the“deficiency theory”of Zhuang medicine,the author believes that the theory abundant ideas of the“holistic view”,and has positive significance for the syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases.