中医疾病类术语英译规范化研究探析——以中医“心水”为例

Research on Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Disease Terms English Translation-Taking"Xinshui"as an Example

中医疾病类术语翻译标准体系构建是推动中医药标准化、国际化的重要举措。故本文以中医病名“心水”为例,整理其在《金匮要略》不同英译本、词典、国家标准中的译名表述,展开对比研究和具体分析。研究发现,由于翻译方法选择的不同及译者理解水平的差异,使得“心水”仍未确立一个统一、规范的英译名称。因此,应基于疾病术语文化性强、一词多义、隐喻构词、含义古今衍变等特征,根据疾病术语内涵变迁的实际情况,划分语境范畴,在同一语境中制定统一的译名标准,确立规范的疾病术语翻译准则。

The construction of translation standard system of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)disease terms is an important measure to promote the standardization and internationalization of TCM.Therefore,this paper takes the name of the Chinese medicine disease"Xinshui"as an example to sort out its translation in different English versions,dictionaries and national standards of Synopsis of the Golden Chamber,and carry out comparative research and specific analysis.It is found that due to the different choice of translation methods and the difference of translators understanding level,Xinshui has not yet established a unified and standardized English translation name.Therefore,based on the characteristics of strong culture,polysemy,metaphorical word formation,ancient and modern meaning evolution of disease terms,and according to the actual situation of the connotation change of disease terms,we should divide context categories,formulate unified translation standards in the same context,and establish standardized translation criteria of disease terms.