分子印迹-适配体技术在食品安全检测中的研究进展

Research progress of molecularly imprinted polymers-aptamer technology in food safety detection

食品安全对人体健康和生态系统都至关重要,构建快速、便捷、准确、灵敏的检测方法,对于保护人类健康和维护生态平衡具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。分子印迹聚合物作为人工合成的化学受体,可以高亲和力选择性地识别目标分子。适配体是长度为10~50个核苷酸的单链DNA(ssDNA)或RNA,可以针对不同的目标分子进行筛选,易于化学修饰。两者结合的分子印迹-适配体技术具有灵敏度高、选择性高、检测限低、抗干扰性强等优点。本文评述了近年来分子印迹-适配体双重识别技术在食品安全检测中的应用,着重介绍不同分子印迹-适配体传感器对非法添加剂、过敏原、真菌霉素、杀虫剂和兽药的检测进展,并且简要阐述了各种修饰材料的优点、局限性和分子印迹-适配体技术发展前景。

Food safety is very important to human health and ecosystem.Building a fast,convenient,accurate and sensitive detection method has important theoretical significance and application value for protecting human health and maintaining ecological balance.Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs),as synthetic chemical receptors,can recognize target molecules with high affinity and selectivity.The aptamer is single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)or RNA with a length of 10~50 nucleotides,which can be screened for different target molecules and is easy to be chemically modified.The combination of molecular imprinting and aptamer technology has the advantages of high sensitivity,high selectivity,low detection limit and strong anti-interference.the application of molecular imprinting-aptamer dual recognition technology in food safety detection in recent years was reviewed,and the progress of different molecular imprinting-aptamer sensors in the detection of illegal additives,allergens,fungicides,pesticides and veterinary drugs was emphatically introduced.and the advantages and limitations of various modified materials and the development prospects of molecular imprinting-aptamer technology were briefly described.