山东省畜禽源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和药物敏感性调查

Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Drug Sensitivity Surveillance of Escherichia coli from Livestock and Poultry in Shandong Province

为查明山东省畜禽源大肠杆菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药性状况,本调查于2021年4—7月从10个地市14个畜禽养殖场随机采集432份泄殖腔/肛拭子,通过麦康凯琼脂分离培养和VITEK?2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定及药敏系统鉴定大肠杆菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法对其进行药物敏感性检测。结果显示,共分离鉴定获得379株大肠杆菌,阳性率为87.73%;141株大肠杆菌受试株对氨苄西林(83.69%)的耐药率最高,其次是四环素(80.85%)、磺胺异噁唑(77.30%)、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑(1∶19)(68.79%)、氟苯尼考(67.38%)、头孢噻呋(65.25%)、大观霉素(60.99%)、恩诺沙星(51.06%)、氧氟沙星(46.10%)、庆大霉素(42.55%)、安普霉素(38.30%)、头孢他啶(29.08%)、黏菌素(23.40%)、阿莫西林/克拉维酸(2∶1)(19.15%)、美罗培南(10.64%)和乙酰甲喹(7.09%);氨苄西林-头孢噻呋-庆大霉素-大观霉素-安普霉素-四环素-氟苯尼考-磺胺异噁唑-甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑-恩诺沙星-氧氟沙星是最流行的耐药谱(5/141,3.55%);84.40%(119/141)受试株对3种及以上抗菌药物耐药,51.06%(72/141)受试株对8种及以上抗菌药物耐药。结果表明,山东省畜禽源大肠杆菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药率高且多重耐药现象严重。本调查可为指导山东省畜禽养殖场临床合理用药提供科学依据。

To ascertain the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli(E.coli)from livestock and poultry in Shandong province,this study randomly collected 432 cloacal/anal swabs from 14 livestock and poultry farms located on 10 prefecture-level cities during April to July 2021,conducted bacterial isolation on MacConkey agar and determination by VITEK 2 Compact fully automated system for microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.E.coli isolates were selected for antimicrobial susceptibility test using the broth microdilution method.The results showed that 379 of the 432 swabs were positive for E.coli(87.73%);of which 141 E.coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin(83.69%),tetracycline(80.85%),sulfisoxazole(77.30%),trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(1∶19)(68.79%),florfenicol(67.38%),ceftiofur(65.25%),spectinomycin(60.99%),enrofloxacin(51.06%),ofloxacin(46.10%),gentamycin(42.55%),apramycin(38.30%),ceftazidime(29.08%),colistin(23.40%),amoxicillin/clavulanic acid(2∶1)(19.15%),meropenem(10.64%)and methaquine(7.09%);with 3.55%(5/141) isolates being resistant to ampicillin-ceftiofur-gentamycin-spectinomycin-apramycin-tetracycline-florfenicol-sulfisoxazole-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-enrofloxacin-ofloxacin, 84.40% (119/141) isolates being resistant to at least three antimicrobials, and 51.06% (72/141) isolates being resistant to at least eight antimicrobials. Thus, the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolates is high and the multiple drug resistance is serious in livestock and poultry farms in Shandong province, and attention needs to be directed towards rational drug use in practice.