双碳背景下铁矿崩落法低碳高效开采理论模型构建

Construction of theoretical model for low carbon and high efficient iron ore caving under the background of double carbon

崩落法广泛应用于地下铁矿山的开采,但随着开采深度的增大,多数矿山采场地压显现严重,普遍存在矿石贫化损失大、回采爆破悬顶推墙等问题。在双碳背景下,减少采矿业的碳排放是实现双碳目标的重要一环。为提高产能和降低碳排放,归纳了金属矿山碳排放计算方法,建立了崩落法碳排放核算模型,据此分析主要碳排放来源的影响程度及其控制方法,结果表明:充分利用“三律”(岩体冒落规律、散体移动规律、地压活动规律)降低采准系数与优化工艺参数是降低能源消耗和减少碳排放的有效方法;在此基础上,总结了低碳高效开采技术和崩落法地表塌陷区资源化利用方法,构建了崩落法低碳高效开采理论模型,该模型可定量分析工艺技术对碳排放源的控制关系,对于指导崩落法矿山低碳高效开采具有一定的参考价值。

Caving method is widely used in the underground mining of iron mines.However,with the increase of mining depth,the ground pressure in most mines exhibits seriously,resulting in many production problems,such as large ore dilution and loss,hanging roof is pushing wall while mining and blasting.Since 2007,China has been the world's largest CO 2 producer.In the context of dual carbon,reducing carbon emissions from mining industry become an important step to achieve the dual carbon goal.In order to meet the practical needs for increasing production capa-city and reducing carbon emissions,the calculation methods of carbon emissions from metal mines were summarized,and the calculation model of carbon emissions from caving method was established.Based on this,the influence degree and control methods of main carbon emissions sources were discussed.It is an effective way to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions by making full use of the"three laws"(the law of rock mass caving,the law of loose ore body movement,and the law of ground pressure activity)to reduce the mining preparation coefficient and optimize the process parameters.On this basis,the low-carbon and efficient mining technology and the resource utilization method used for subsidence area by caving method were summarized,and the theoretical model of low-carbon and efficient mining by caving method was constructed,which can be used to quantitatively analyze the control principle of process technology on carbon emission source,and provided as a certain reference for guiding the low-carbon and efficient mining by caving method.