平朔矿区景观生态风险时空演变特征分析

Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk in Pingshuo mining area

为了有效评估矿区景观生态风险,优化矿区景观格局,维护矿区景观结构生态功能,以平朔矿区为研究对象,基于其2000年、2004年、2010年、2015年、2021年的遥感影像分析研究区2000-2021年期间的土地动态变换特征,通过ArcGIS网格分析法构建研究区景观生态风险指数,利用半变异函数和空间自相关等方法分析研究区景观生态风险的时空特征,结果表明:平朔矿区以草地、耕地为主,研究期间土地转移以草地、耕地相互转化为主,工业用地、采矿用地为次要转入类型;景观生态风险整体以较低、中等、较高为主,景观生态风险转移以较低、中等相互转化为主,较高生态风险转移面积出现较大幅度的增加;生态风险值聚集以高-高聚集和低-低聚集为主,低-低聚集重心由东南向东北、西南转移,高-高聚集随着露天采矿区中心的移动范围逐渐扩大。

In order to effectively assess the landscape ecological risk of the mining area,optimize the landscape pattern of the mining area,and maintain the ecological function of the landscape structure of the mining area,Pingshuo mining area was taken as the research object.Based on the land dynamic change characteristics of its remote sensing image analysis research area in 2000,2004,2010,2015,and 2021,the landscape ecological risk index of the research area was constructed using ArcGIS grid analysis method,The semi-variant function and spatial autocorrelation were employed to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of landscape ecological risks in the studying area.The results show that the Pingshuo mining area was mainly covered by grassland and cultirated land,and the land transform during the study period was dominated between grassland and cultivated land,while between industrial land and mining land were secondary types of land transforming.The overall landscape ecological risk is mainly low,medium and high,and the landscape ecological risk transfer exhibits mainly mutual transformation of low and medium,and the transferred area with high ecological risk has increased significantly.The accumulation of ecological risk value pre-sented mainly high-high concentration and low-low concentration.The center of low-low concentration is transferred from southeast to northeast and southwest,while the scope of high-high concentration is gradually extending as the center of the open pit mining area moves.