分流式微通道换热器的结构设计和性能优化

Structural Design and Performance Optimization of Manifold Microchannel Heat Exchangers

为满足电子电路、燃料电池、激光器等精密仪器及器件的持续高效散热需求,本文设计了一种基于冲击流动的分流式正弦型微通道换热器,传热效率更高,压降损失更小,加工工艺更简单。本研究主要通过热–流–固耦合的数值模拟方法,对比了微通道宽度、深度、形状及分流结构对换热器传热和流动特性的影响。模拟结果表明:带有8个分流通道的分流式正弦型微通道换热器的综合性能最好,微通道长、宽、深尺寸为30 mm×0.4 mm×2.5 mm,在冷却液流量为0.6 mL·s^(-1)时,总热阻为0.247℃·W^(-1)。在实际工作中,换热器总热阻为0.395?C·W^(-1),压降损失也较小,所得实验结果与模拟结果基本吻合,相比于预设计的换热器和大通道换热器,优化后的正弦型微通道换热器在传热和流动性能方面均获得了显著提升。

To meet the continuous and efficient heat dissipation requirements of precision devices such as electronic devices,fuel cells and lasers,a manifold sinusoidal micro-channel heat exchanger based on impingement flow is designed,which has the advantages of higher heat transfer efficiency,less pressure drop loss and simpler processing technology.In this study,the effects of micro-channel width,depth,shape and manifold structure on the heat transfer and flow characteristics of heat exchanger are compared mainly through the thermal-fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation method.The simulation results show that the overall performance of the manifold sinusoidal micro-channel heat exchanger with 8 manifolds is the best.The length,width and depth of the micro-channel are 30 mm×0.4 mm×2.5 mm.The total thermal resistance is 0.247◦C·W^(-1) when the coolant flow rate is 0.6 mL·s^(-1).In actual work,the total thermal resistance of the heat exchanger is 0.395℃·W^(-1),and the pressure drop loss is also small.The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results.Compared with the pre-designed heat exchanger and macro-channel heat exchanger,the optimized sinusoidal micro-channel heat exchanger achieves significant improvements in both heat transfer and flow characteristics.