碰撞试验中自动紧急制动过程模拟方法的探讨

Discussion on Simulation Method of Autonomous Emergency Braking Process in Crash Test

在正面碰撞试验中增加自动紧急制动(AEB)模拟过程以便后续建立主被动安全一体化测试能力,利用钢筋在销柱间缠绕后动摩擦力较大设计了一种吸能器。试验中将两个吸能器分别安装在牵引轨道两侧,并在吸能器上放置钢筋,当试验车上挂钩钩上钢筋后,试验车将在钢筋的阻尼作用下减速。根据初始设计方案加工了吸能器样机,并进行了台车试验和实车试验验证。结果表明:对于质量为2 700 kg的试验车,单根钢筋可以产生7 m/s~2的减速度,震荡范围为±3 m/s~2;通过增加钢筋数量提高阻尼力也可进行动态翻滚等减速试验。由此可得出,通过降低单根钢筋的阻尼力、增加钢筋的缠绕种类及组合方式来改进初始方案,钢筋阻尼式吸能器可以用来模拟AEB的制动过程。

An autonomous emergency braking(AEB)simulation process was added in the frontal crash test to build the test ability of the integration of active and passive safety.An energy absorber was designed by using steel bar wrapped between the pins with high dynamic friction.In the test,two energy absorbers were fixed on both sides of the traction track,and steel bars were placed on the energy absorbers.When the steel bars were hooked by the hook of the vehicle,the test vehicle decelerated under the damping action of the steel bars.According to the basic design scheme,the prototypes of energy absorber were manufactured and verified by sled test and vehicle test.The results show that single steel bar can produce a deceleration of 7 m/s 2 with a shock range of±3 m/s 2 for vehicles weighing 2700 kg.The deceleration tests such as dynamic rolling can also be carried out by adding the number of steel bar to improve the damping force.It can be concluded that the energy absorber with steel bars damping can be used to simulate the braking process of AEB after improving the basic design by reducing the damping force of single steel bar,and increasing the type and combination of steel bar winding.