矿产资源安全需要重点关注十种矿产

Focus on Ten Minerals for Mineral Resources Security

2050年以前,我国矿产资源消费总体规模将持续维持高位态势。国际市场虽然供应总体充裕,但是在资源民族主义全球化、全球资源治理“集团化”、矿产品价格金融化、国际突发事件,以及矿山安全事故等因素影响下,我国资源禀赋较差的矿产资源安全仍面临系列风险。在百年未有之大变局下,把握好矿产资源安全供应的战略主动权,需要重点做好石油、天然气、煤炭、铁、锰、铬、铜、铝、钾、磷等10种重点矿产的差别化保供工作。主要举措包括:一是石油、天然气和铜等3种矿产需要加强找矿保供;二是煤炭、磷矿需要政策协同保供;三是铁矿石、铝土矿和钾盐等3种矿产需要强化技术创新保供;四是铁、钢、铝等需要国家专项政策支持保供。同时,要加强国际矿业合作保供,强化安全监测预警,增强应急处置能力。

Before 2050,the overall scale of Chinese mineral resources consumption will remain high.Although the supply of the international market is generally sufficient,Chinese mineral resources security with poor resources endowment still faces a series of risks under the influence of the globalization of resources nationalism,the“collectivization”of global resources governance,the financialization of mineral product prices,international emergencies and mine safety accidents.Under the great changes unseen in a century,to seize the strategic initiative in the safe supply of mineral resources,we need to focus on the differentiated ensure supply of 10 priority minerals,including oil,natural gas,coal,iron,manganese,chromium,copper,aluminum,potassium and phosphorus.The main measures first include oil,natural gas,copper and other 3 minerals need to strengthen prospecting to ensure supply.Second,coal and phosphate ore need policy coordination to ensure supply.Third,iron ore,bauxite and potassium salt need to strengthen technological innovation to ensure supply.Fourth,iron,steel,aluminum and the like need national special policy support to ensure supply.At the same time,international mining cooperation should be strengthened to ensure supply,strengthen safety monitoring and early warning,and enhance emergency response capacity.