无人机低空遥感技术在铁路应急测绘中的应用

The Application of UAV Low Altitude Remote Sensing Technology in Railway Emergency Surveying

为了应对自然灾害、事故灾难等突发事件,需要快速获取灾害区域的测绘数据。目前,铁路系统还没有建立健全应急测绘保障体系,对铁路应急测绘的关键技术也缺少深入研究。针对这一问题,从无人机低空遥感关键技术出发,通过对数据采集、数据处理、成果制作和可视化展示等关键技术的分析,研究无人机低空遥感在铁路应急测绘保障中的主要应用方向、作业流程和应用可行性。结合山西某铁路工程应急抢险案例,分析认为:采用无人机低空遥感技术,可实现灾害现场实时直播及12 h内测区地理信息数据采集、处理和成果提交,响应速度、作业效率和成果精度均满足铁路应急测绘应用需求。

It is necessary to get quick access to the surveying and mapping data of the disaster area during the emergency such as natural disasters and accidents.At present,there is no establishment of a sound emergency surveying and mapping system in the railway system,and the key technology of the railway emergency surveying and mapping is also lack of in-depth research.In view of current condition,this paper aimed to study the main application direction,operation process and feasibility of UAV low altitude remote sensing in the railway emergency surveying and mapping according to the analysis of key technologies such as data collection,data processing,results production and visual display of UAV low altitude remote sensing.Based on the analysis of an emergency rescue case of a railway project in Shanxi Province,it is believed that the use of UAV low altitude remote sensing technology could realize live broadcast in the disaster scenes and complete the data collection,processing and results submission of geographical information within 12 hours.The response speed,operation efficiency,as well as results accuracy can meet the demand of the railway emergency mapping support application.