老年脆性骨折患者自我效能现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of self-efficacy in elderly patients with fragility fracture

目的:探讨老年脆性骨折患者自我效能现状及影响因素。方法:2020年5月~2021年9月采用一般情况调查表、骨质疏松症自我效能量表、健康赋权量表对某省级三甲综合教学医院骨科住院的老年脆性骨折患者进行问卷调查。结果:老年脆性骨折患者自我效能总分为(55.14±12.47)分,其中锻炼自我效能为(22.02±8.59)分,食钙自我效能为(32.89±7.37)分;健康赋权总分为(88.65±14.32)分,与骨质疏松自我效能呈正相关(r=0.840,P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,骨折部位与健康赋权是老年脆性骨折患者自我效能的影响因素(P<0.05),可以解释总变异度的72.6%。结论:老年脆性骨折患者自我效能与骨折的部位及健康赋权能力密切相关,医护人员可以通过提供不同骨折部位的护理干预、提高脆性骨折患者健康赋权能力来提高患者自我效能,促进脆性骨折患者康复。

Objective:To investigate the status and influencing factors of self-efficacy in elderly patients with fragility fracture.Methods:Between May 2020 and September 2021,the elderly patients with fragility fracture admitted to the orthopedic department of a level-3 teaching hospital were surveyed by questionnaire response,including general demographical information scale,Osteoporosis Self-efficacy Scale(OSES)and Health Empowerment Scale.Results:The total score of self-efficacy was(55.14±12.47)points in the elderly patients with fragility fracture,in which the self-efficacy on exercise and calcium intake was(22.02±8.59)points and(32.89±7.37)points,respectively.The total score of health empowerment was(88.65±14.32)points,and positively correlated with the self-efficacy regarding osteoporosis(r=0.840,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that fracture site and health empowerment were the most important factors affecting self-efficacy of osteoporosis(P<0.05),which accounted for 72.6%of the total variation.Conclusion:Self-efficacy of elderly patients with fragility fracture is closely related to fracture location and health empowerment.Medical staff can raise the self-efficacy and health empowerment of patients with fragility fracture by providing targeted nursing intervention at specific fracture site,thus facilitating the rehabilitation of such patients.