性别教育差距与产业结构升级

Gender Education Gap and Industrial Structure Upgrading

女性教育水平提升,缩小了女性与男性教育水平差距,女性劳动参与率提升成为推动产业结构升级的重要方式。通过对2001—2021年全国31个省份面板数据的分析,考察性别教育差距对产业结构升级的影响及其机制。研究发现,性别教育差距缩小促进了产业结构合理化和产业结构高级化发展。机制检验表明,女性相比男性的教育水平提高速度更快,由此引发的性别教育差距缩小会产生技术创新放大效应和劳动力禀赋效应,从而进一步促进产业结构优化升级。对认识女性劳动力优势、实现性别平等和形成促进产业结构升级新动力的研究具有重要参考意义。

The improvement of women’s education level has narrowed the gap between women’s and men’s education level,and the improvement of women’s labor participation rate has become an important way to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.Through the analysis of panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2001 to 2021,the impact of gender education gap on industrial structure upgrading and its mechanism are investigated.The study found that the narrowing of the gender education gap has promoted the rationalization and advanced development of industrial structure.The mechanism test shows that women’s education level improves faster than men’s,and the resulting narrowing of the gender education gap will produce the amplification effect of technological innovation and the effect of labor endowment,thus further promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.It has an important reference significance for the research on understanding the advantages of female labor force,realizing gender equality and forming a new impetus to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.