以轨道交通车站为核心的枢纽机场地面交通中心布局模式

Hub Airport Ground Transportation Center Layout Mode Centered on Rail Transit Station

为从理论上研究大型枢纽机场综合化、立体化和多元化陆侧交通系统的规划建设,科学遴选适宜各枢纽机场发展定位和功能需求的陆侧综合交通枢纽设计方案。以机场地面交通中心为研究对象,分析了轨道交通车站与其他交通场站之间的交通组织结构关系,以及枢纽机场轨道交通系统制式组合类型。从交通特性、功能区块构成、引入轨道交通系统制式及其线路与场站分布等诸多方面研究了机场地面交通中心空间布局的技术特征及其优劣性,并结合国内外枢纽机场地面交通中心的典型应用实例,提出了以轨道交通车站为主体的机场地面交通中心的3种空间布局模式,即竖向错层式、同层集中式和同层分离式,并分析了每种布局模式的基本构成及其交通特性。最后,提出枢纽机场航站区的规划应实现航站楼与地面交通中心的统筹考虑,地面交通中心的布局模式应以轨道交通车站为核心,优先考虑满足旅客航空交通出行服务,并与其他交通场站高效耦合,以满足机场地区多元化交通出行的需求。

To theoretically study the planning and construction of a comprehensive,three-dimensional and diversified landside transportation system for large hub airports,and scientifically select the landside integrated transport hub design scheme suitable for the development orientation and functional requirements of each hub airport,taking airport GTC(ground transportation center)as research object,the traffic organization structure relation between rail transit stations and other transport stations is analyzed,as well as the combination types of hub airport rail transit systems.The technical characteristics and superiority-inferiority of the spatial layout of airport GTC are analyzed from many aspects,including the traffic characteristics and functional block composition,the introduction of rail transit technology systems and the distribution of lines and stations.From the typical application examples of hub airport GTC around the world,three spatial layout modes of airport GTC with rail transit stations as the main body are proposed,namely the vertical staggered type,the same-floor centralization type and the same-floor separation type,and the basic composition and traffic characteristics of each layout mode are analyzed.Finally,it is proposed that the planning of hub airport terminal building area should coordinate the considerations about terminal building and GTC.The GTC layout mode should focus on rail transit station,give priority to passenger air travel service,and effectively couple with other transport stations to meet the needs of a diversified transportation and travel in airport area.