高中生选科决策的影响因素研究——基于广东的样本分析

Examining the Influencing Factors of Students'Decision-making in the New College Entrance Examination:Based on the Sample from Guangdong

新高考方案赋予学生选择考试性科目的权利,同时也对他们的选择力提出了要求。通过对第三批新高考试点省份之一的广东省部分高一学生进行抽样调查发现,决定学生选择科目的首要因素是重要他人的意见——包括家人、亲朋和教师等;其次是机会因素,包括未来职业和专业的需要等;最后则是体现自身优势和兴趣等的个人因素。可见,学生选科过程中受他人影响较大,自主选择能力不足。基于此,提高学生科目选择能力成为当务之急。建议建立系统的选科指导体系:其中,学校需要打造选科指导课程体系,提升学生整体选择力;政府需要构建学生选科服务体系,提升教师和家长等重要他人的指导力。

Although the New College Entrance Examination expands students'right to choose,it also puts forward requirements to their choices.This article is based on a sampling survey of senior grade one students in Guangdong Province,one of the third batch of the pilot provinces that adopted the New College Entrance Examination,is aimed to discover those factors that affect students'choice of subjects.Based on theories of career decision and analysis of the data,it is found that the primary factor that determines the student's choice of subjects is the opinions of significant others,including family members,relatives,friends,and teachers.The second is the opportunity factor,including future career and professional needs,etc.The last is the personal factors that reflect one's own advantages and interests.Therefore,it can be concluded that students,to a large extent,are unable to choose independently,so improving students'ability to choose independently has become a top priority.Since students and parents urgently need more guidance and services,it is necessary to establish a systematic guidance system of subject selection.For schools,it is necessary to build a system of curriculum guidance for subject selection in order to enhance students'overall ability of making choices.For the government,it is necessary to set up a service system of subject selection to improve the guidance of significant others such as teachers and parents.