乌鲁木齐市时空扩张变化及驱动力分析

Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Expansion Changes and Driving Forces of Urumqi

基于2000~2020年“类NPP/VIIRS”夜光遥感数据集,采用改进的统计分析法对乌鲁木齐市的城市建成区进行提取。以扩张速度、扩张强度分析时间特征,以质心偏移分析空间特征,采用斑块密度、平均边界密度、平均分维数等分析景观格局,从经济、人口、交通等角度选取13个驱动因子进行灰色关联度分析。结果表明:2000~2020年间,乌鲁木齐市的各个时间特征指标均呈先上升后下降趋势,扩张模式由中速、高速转为快速;2000~2020年间的质心位于新市区,并逐步向西、向北偏移;2000~2020年间,乌鲁木齐市城市建成区在持续扩张,形状趋于复杂,建成区的破碎程度较低;地方财政收入、第三产业和绿地面积的关联度为较高,分别为0.5891、0.5884、0.5844。乌鲁木齐市建成区的扩张受多种因素影响,在未来几年会更注重内部空间优化,仍会缓慢扩张。

Based on the NPP/VIIRS luminous remote sensing dataset from 2000 to 2020,this paper used an improved statistical analysis method to extract the urban built-up area of Urumqi.The temporal characteristics such as expansion velocity and expansion intensity were analyzed.The spatial characteristics were analyzed by centroid shift;the patch density,average boundary density,and average sub-dimension were used to analyze the landscape pattern,and 13 driving factors were selected for grey correlation analysis from the perspectives of economy,population and transportation.The results show that:From 2000 to 2020,the temporal characteristic indicators of Urumqi show a trend of first rising and then declining,and the expansion mode changes from medium speed and high speed to rapid;From 2000 to 2020,the center of mass located in the new urban area gradually shifts to the west and north;From 2000 to 2020,the urban built-up area of Urumqi continues to expand;the shape tended to be complex,and the degree of fragmentation of the built-up area is low;The correlations between local fiscal revenue,tertiary industry and green space area are relatively high,0.5891,0.5884 and 0.5844,respectively.The expansion of the built-up area in Urumqi is affected by many factors.In the next few years,more attention will be paid to the optimization of internal space,and it will still expand slowly.