结直肠癌m6A调节因子介导作用及机制的研究进展

Research progress on the role and mechanism of m6A regulatory factor in colorectal cancer

目的总结6-甲基腺嘌呤(m6A)调节因子在结直肠癌中的最新研究进展。方法应用PubMed及CNKI期刊全文数据库检索系统,以“结直肠癌、m6A甲基化、甲基转移酶、去甲基酶、识别蛋白”等为关键词,检索从建库至2022-05-17的相关中英文文献,整理和总结m6A相关调节因子在结直肠癌中的作用机制。纳入标准:筛选m6A作用于结直肠癌机制中具有代表性调节因子进行研究,进一步探讨m6A调节因子对结直肠癌病理过程的调节作用及机制。排除标准:研究机制不明确或结果不准确的研究、会议性文章、评述、毕业论文等相关文献。最终纳入有效文献61篇。结果m6A几乎参与了mRNA的转录、成熟、翻译、降解和稳定性的调控。主要参与调控的m6A修饰有三大类:甲基转移酶(Writers)包括METTL3、METTL14、METTL16,去甲基酶(Erasers)包括FTO、ALKBH5、L1CA1,识别蛋白(Readers)包括YTHDF1、YTHDF2、YTHDF3、YTHDC1、CBLL1等。m6A修饰的调节因子可以通过不同的信号通路或转录因子对mRNA的加工和代谢过程产生影响,进而调控基因的表达。结论m6A调节因子介导在结直肠癌的侵袭、增殖、转移和预后中起到关键性作用,故m6A调节因子可能是治疗结直肠癌的关键靶点。

Objective To summarize the latest research progress of N6-methyladenosine(N6-methyladenosine, m6A) regulatory factor in colorectal cancer.Methods The PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure journal full-text databases retrieval system were used to retrieve the relevant Chinese and English literature from the establishment of the database to 2022-05-17,with the keywords of "colorectal cancer, m6A methylation, methyltransferase, demethylase, and recognition protein",and to sort out and summarize the mechanism of m6A related regulators in colorectal cancer.Inclusion criteria: Representative regulatory factors in the mechanism of m6A acting on colorectal cancer were screened to further explore the regulatory effect and mechanism of m6A regulatory factor on the pathological process of colorectal cancer.Exclusion criteria: research with unclear mechanism or inaccurate results, conference articles, reviews, graduation thesis and other related literature.Finally, 62 valid articles were included.Results m6A is almost involved in the regulation of mRNA transcription,maturation,translation,degradation and stability.There are three major categories of m6A modifications that are mainly involved in regulation.Among them,methyltransferases(Writers)include METTL3,METTL14,and METTL16;demethylases(Erasers)include FTO,ALKBH5,L1CA1;and recognition proteins(Readers)include YTHDF1,YTHDF2,YTHDF3,YTHDC1,and CBLL1.The regulatory factors of m6A modification can affect the processing and metabolism of mRNA through different signaling pathways or transcription factors,thereby regulating gene expression.Conclusion m6A regulatory factor plays a key role in the invasion,proliferation,metastasis and prognosis of colorectal cancer,so m6A regulatory factor may be a key target for the treatment of colorectal cancer.