跨界、转型与在场:具有企业工作经历的高职专业教师发展困境及成因

Cross-border,Transformation,and Presence:Development Dilemmas and Causes of Higher Vocational Teachers with Enterprise Work Experience

正式入职高职院校之前所从事的企业(生产、经营、管理或服务等)一线岗位工作是专业教师的内隐性资源优势,对专业教学实践具有赋能作用,影响和决定着技术技能人才培养质量。因此,聚焦具有企业工作经历的高职专业教师发展是提升技术技能人才培养质量的题中应有之义。通过参与式观察与半结构化访谈发现,具有企业工作经历的高职专业教师在获得教师职业价值感和意义感的同时,也存在着跨界、转型和在场等诸多具有共性的发展困境:既有职业流动中个体既往经历阐释与自我迭代困难,教师职业能力养成建构与进阶的现实阻滞,还有群体内卷式发展与个体习得性无助的双重矛盾。进一步的研究发现,陷入困境的原因不仅来自转场者个体对教育场域的适应不良和高职院校组织支持的不足,也来自相关政策执行的刚性不足与落地困境。因此,积极为具有企业工作经历的高职专业教师发展寻求突围的可行策略就成为职业教育高质量发展的“得人之要”。

The work experience in enterprise production,operation,management,or service before formally joining vocational colleges is an implicit resource advantage for professional teachers.It has an empowering effect on professional teaching practice,influencing and determining the quality of technical talent cultivation.Therefore,focusing on the development of vocational teachers with enterprise work experience is of great significance to improve the quality of technical talent cultivation.Through participatory observation and semi-structured interviews,it finds that these teachers face many common development dilemmas,such as crossborder,transformation,and presence while obtaining a sense of professional value and meaning.These dilemmas include difficulties in interpreting and self-iterating past experiences during career mobility,the reality of obstructing the construction and advancement of teacher professional abilities,and the double contradiction of group inbreeding development and individual acquired helplessness.Further research finds that the reasons for being trapped in dilemmas are not only due to the individual's poor adaptation to the education field and insufficient organizational support from vocational colleges,but also due to the rigidity and implementation difficulties of relevant policy execution.Therefore,actively seeking feasible strategies for the development of vocational teachers with enterprise work experience has become the key to the high-quality development of vocational education.