领导干部胜任力模型构建及其绩效应用研究——基于江浙沪三地职能部门领导干部的样本分析

Research on Constructing Competence Model of Leading Officials and Its Performance Application:A Sample Analysis of Functional Departments in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai

作为政府改革的重要内容和关键环节,领导干部及其胜任力历来是政府效能提升与绩效改进的关键因素。以中国政府行政效率及领导干部执政水平普遍表现优异的长三角地区为样本来源,探寻领导干部胜任素质与执政绩效之间的深层关联。具体来说,首先以江浙沪三地政府职能部门副处级(含)以上领导干部为研究样本,基于绩效优秀和绩效普通两个组别、共计60个行为访谈样本形成的文本资料进行编码统计和要素提取,辅助多轮团体焦点讨论,构建起领导干部胜任力初始模型;在此基础上,研究小组设计了基于胜任力要素的行为特征测量问卷,并以1453份样本的调查数据及其统计分析对该模型进行修正,最终构建了一个包含服务动机、成就动机、管理认知、个人素养、个人能力和管理能力共计6个维度、22项胜任素质及其等级划分与行为描述的领导干部胜任特征模型。最后,基于前期研究成果构建绩效指标池,以956份样本的调查数据和40份德尔菲专家问卷为依据,对指标进行筛选、检验、加权和标准化等,构建起基于胜任力因素的地方政府职能部门领导干部绩效考评指标体系,并将这一指标体系在S市A区进行了个案试点,取得了较好的成效。

As essential contents and a key link of government reform,leading officials and their competence have always been important factors for improving government efficiency and performance.This study takes the Yangtze River Delta region as the sample source because of its excellent administrative efficiency of Chinese government and the governing level of leading officials.It aims to explore the deep correlation between the competence of leading officials and the governing performance.Specifically,this study initially takes the leading officials at or above the deputy division level of government functional departments in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai as the research samples.Based on the text data from 60 behavioral interview samples in two groups of excellent performance and average performance,data coding and element extraction are carried out,and multiple rounds of group focus discussions are used to construct the initial competency model of leading officials.On this basis,the research team independently develops and designs the behavioral characteristics measurement questionnaire on competency factors and modified the competency model with the survey data and statistical analysis of 1453 samples.Finally,a leadership officials competency model is constructed,including 22competency qualities,grade division and behavior description from 6 dimensions,including service motivation,achievement motivation,management cognition,personal quality,personal ability and management ability.Finally,a performance indicator pool was constructed on previous research findings.Using data from 956 samples and 40 Delphi expert questionnaires,indicators were screened,tested,weighted,and standardized.Then performance evaluation index system of leading officials in functional departments of local governments based on competency factors is constructed,and the index system is tested in District A of S City with satisfactory results.