枣庄市0~12岁儿童巨细胞病毒感染危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of human cytomegalovirus infection in children aged 0~12 years in Zaozhuang region

目的:探讨0~12岁儿童巨细胞病毒感染的危险因素。方法:采用多阶段、分层、整群抽样方法调查枣庄市0~12岁儿童,对所选调查对象中确诊巨细胞病毒感染的患儿,采取1:2病例对照研究方法,同期选取对照组人群,对调查对象及其家属进行面对面易感因素问卷调查及体格检查。对数据进行复杂加权法处或权重处理后,采用单因素、多因素条件Logistic回归模型分析巨细胞病毒感染相关危险因素。结果:纳入病例组436例,对照组864例,单因素分析结果显示巨细胞病毒感染危险因素包括低收入家庭、卫生习惯、低出生体质量、早产儿、喂养方式、母亲妊娠期合并糖尿病、母亲妊娠期感染HCMV、胎膜早破、母亲教育程度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic多因素分析结果显示早产、低出生体质量,胎膜早破、母亲孕期感染巨细胞病毒感染及低收入家庭是儿童HCMV感染的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:枣庄地区0~12岁儿童巨细胞病毒感染的独立危险因素为早产、低出生体质量,胎膜早破、母亲孕期感染巨细胞病毒感染及低收入家庭。

Objective:To explore the risk factors of human cytomegalovirus infection in children aged 0~12 years.Methods:A multi-stage,stratified and cluster sampling method was used to investigate the children aged 0~12 years in Zaozhuang city.A 1:2 casecontrol study method was adopted for the children diagnosed with CMV infection among the selected subjects,and a control group was selected at the same time Facetoface questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted forthe sub jects and their families.The risk factors associated with cytomegalovirus infection were analyzed by univariate and multivariate conditional Logistic regression models after complex weighted data processing.Results:A total of 436 cases were included in the case group and 864 cases in the wontrol group.The results of univariate analysis showed that the risk factors of CMV infec.tion included low-income families,hygiene habits,low birth weight,premature infants,feeding methods,maternal gestational diabetes mellitus,maternal gestational HCMV infection,premature rupture of membrane,and matemal education level.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that preterm birth,bow birth weight,premature rupture of membranes,cytomegalovirus infection in mothers during pregnancy and low-income families were inde pendent risk factors for HCMV infection in chidren,with statistial signifiance(P<0.05).Conclusion:The independent risk factors for CMV infection in children aged 0~12 in Zaozhuang area were preterm birth,low birth weight,premature rup ture of membranes,CMV infection in mothers during pregnancy and low income families.