甲、乙型流感病毒检测方法的研究进展

Research Progress of Detection Methods for Influenza A and B Viruses

流感是一种急性发热性呼吸道传染病,飞沫传播是主要传播途径,具有传染性强、传播速度快、传播范围广等特征,已成为世界范围内的公共卫生问题,可对居民身心健康构成重大威胁。如何快速、准确地诊断流感病毒感染,给予其特异抗病毒治疗,对降低疾病传染性及病死率,进而有效控制疫情具有重要意义。目前常用的甲、乙型流感病毒病原学相关检验方法包括病毒分离、免疫学检测及核酸检测等,不同检测方法各有利弊。本文主要对常用的甲、乙型流感病毒病原学相关检验方法进行综述,通过对比各方法的优缺点,在甲、乙型流感预防控制的不同环节,选择适宜的检测方法,为临床提供快速准确的诊断依据。

Flu is an acute febrile respiratory infectious disease,and droplet transmission is the main transmission route.The disease is highly contagious,fast spreading and widely spread,which has become a worldwide public health problem and can pose a major threat to the physical and mental health of residents.How to quickly and accurately diagnose influenza virus infection and give it specific antiviral treatment is important to reduce the infectiousness and death rate of the disease,and then effectively control the epidemic.At present,the commonly used tests related to the pathogenesis of influenza A and B viruses include virus isolation,immunological testing and nucleic acid testing,and there are advantages and disadvantages of different testing methods.In this paper,we review the commonly used pathogenetic tests for influenza A and B viruses,and compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method to select the appropriate test methods in different aspects of influenza A and B prevention and control,so as to provide rapid and accurate diagnostic basis for clinical practice.