国内外博物馆课程研究的现状、特征与启示

The Present Situation,Characteristics and Enlightenment of Museum Curriculum Research at Home and Abroad

作为博物馆教育活动实施的重要载体,博物馆课程是影响博物馆教育活动质量的关键要素。基于文献梳理,发现国内博物馆课程研究集中于课程特点及实施意义、课程实施的现实问题、开发模式与优化路径等方面;国外博物馆课程研究主要集中于博物馆教育、课程开发与实施、馆校合作开发等领域。国内外关于博物馆课程的研究成果虽然在内容、方法和结论上具有共性特质,但是在研究阶段、主题聚焦程度、分析范式等方面也存在一定差异。此外,国内外博物馆课程研究呈现出研究视角多元化、研究主旨逐渐回归到“以人为本”、研究内容更加注重探索博物馆课程体系构建的发展趋势。鉴于此,建议未来博物馆课程研究要细化研究内容、拓宽研究视野、加强理论深度,依据新时代我国博物馆课程实施的实际情况和高质量博物馆课程开发的迫切性开展本土化的创新研究。

As an important carrier for the implementation of museum educational activities,museum curriculum is the key element affecting the quality of museum educational activities.Based on literature review,it is found that domestic museum curriculum research focuses on characteristics and implementation significance of curriculum,practical problems of curriculum implementation and development models and optimization paths.Foreign museum curriculum research mainly focuses on museum education,curriculum development and implementation,museum-school cooperation and other fields.Although research results on museum curriculum at home and abroad share common characteristics in terms of content,methods and conclusions,there are also some differences in terms of research stages,thematic focus,and the analytical paradigms.In addition,research on museum curriculum at home and abroad presents a trend of diversified perspectives,a gradual return to the“human-centered”research principle,and a greater emphasis on exploring the construction of museum curriculum systems.In view of this,it is suggested that the future research on museum curriculum should refine the research content,broaden research perspectives and strengthen theoretical depth.According to the actual situation of the implementation of museum curriculum and the urgency of high-quality museum curriculum development in the new era,the localized and innovative research should be conducted.