电磁同步线圈推进过程中动态力学状态分析

Analysis of dynamic mechanical state of electromagnetic synchronous induction coils during propulsion

电磁同步线圈推进器中强电磁力作用会对线圈造成较大力学冲击并使电枢发生形变,为避免出现因电磁力过大而导致的推进器寿命缩短、电枢形变和安全性等问题,开展了推进器推进过程中初级线圈和电枢受力状态研究,并针对电枢的形变进行了结构优化与仿真验证。通过构建电磁同步线圈推进器数学模型,结合COMSOL有限元仿真分析和试验验证等手段对电枢应力分布和形变等物理量进行了比较分析。仿真结果表明:在驱动线圈峰值电流时刻,相较于电枢其他部位,电枢尾部所受电磁力最大且形变量达到0.184 mm,在搭建的试验平台上所开展的电枢形变试验结果与仿真结果基本一致;与增加加强筋厚度相比较,增加加强筋长度更有利于减小电枢尾部应力,可使电枢形变显著降约低约57%。

The strong electromagnetic force in an electromagnetic synchronous coil launcher will cause a great mechanical impact on the coil and make the armature deform.In order to avoid the shortening of the life of the launcher,armature deformation and safety problems caused by excessive electromagnetic force,this paper studies the stress state of the primary coil and the armature during the launch process,and carries out structural optimization and simulation verification for the deformation of the armature.By constructing a mathematical model of the electromagnetic synchronous coil launcher,physical quantities like armature stress distribution and deformation are compared and analyzed through a combination of COMSOL finite element simulation analysis and experimental verification.The simulation results show that,compared with the other parts of the armature,the electromagnetic force at the armature tail is the largest and the shape variable reaches 0.184 mm at the peak current of the driving coil.The experimental results of armature deformation performed on the test platform are basically consistent with the simulation results.Compared with increasing the thickness of the reinforced lacing,increasing its length is more conducive to reducing the stress at the armature tail,which significantly reduces the armature deformation by 57%.