不锈钢薄板激光焊接头变形及预测研究进展

Research Progress on Deformation and Prediction of Laser Welding Joint of Stainless Steel Sheet

具有薄板结构的新能源汽车、航空航天器等运载工具极大地推动了现代工业轻量化的发展和应用。激光焊接作为先进制造领域的关键技术被广泛用于薄板结构互联工艺。但薄板结构的焊接变形及预测仍然是该研究领域面临的核心问题。根据不锈钢薄板激光焊接领域的研究进展,全面评述了此领域的研究现状,系统阐述激光焊接工艺下的焊缝几何尺寸对变形的影响,概括分析焊接变形预测的热源模型误差、关键技术、创新方法。旨在厘清不锈钢激光焊接变形的工艺特点、影响机理、发展趋势,为薄板激光焊接领域提供借鉴,推动新型薄板轻量化结构在各制造行业的广泛应用。

New energy vehicles,aerospace and other vehicles with thin structure have greatly promoted the development and application of modern industrial lightweight.Laser welding is widely used in the sheet structure interconnection process as a key technology in the advanced manufacturing field.However,the welding deformation and prediction of sheet structure are still the core problems in this research field.Therefore,according to the research progress in the field of laser welding of stainless sheet plate steel,this paper comprehensively evaluates the research status in this field,systematically expounds the influence of the laser welding process of weld geometry on deformation,and generally analyzes the heat source model error,key technologies and innovative methods of welding deformation prediction.The aim is to clarify the process characteristics,influence mechanism and development trend of stainless-steel laser welding deformation,provide favorable reference for the field of sheet laser welding,and promote the wide application of new sheet lightweight structure in various manufacturing industries.